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A Brief History of Pearls: South Sea Pearl Quality Evaluation

The short answer

South Sea pearls are graded on size, luster, shape, color and surface. The finest are large, round, highly lustrous and nearly unblemished, and these are extremely rare: the 2-to-3-year growing period leaves more time for flaws, and the oyster that grows them is a wild species.

Reviewed by American Pearl’s pearl specialists · Updated October 2026
  A brief history of pearls

SOUTH SEA PEARL QUALITY EVALUATION


South Sea pearls are among the rarest of all cultured pearls. They're typically much larger than other cultured pearls, and they develop a beautiful, silky luster. However, because these pearls have a long cultivation period that lasts between 2 and 3 years, they're more likely to become flawed as they develop. Large, round and on flawed pearls are extremely rare.

That, coupled with the fact that the Pinctada maxima oyster that produces these pearls is a wild species, makes South Sea pearls some of the most valuable on the market.

Evaluating Quality in South Sea Pearls

As with other types of pearls, South Sea pearls are evaluated for quality based on several factors, including:


Typically, large pearls with high luster and a round shape are more valuable than South Sea pearls that feature irregularities, blemishes and other imperfections. It's important to remember that these pearls take quite some time to cultivate, which increases their value and makes them rarer than other types of pearls.

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South Sea pearl quality: common questions

How is South Sea pearl quality evaluated?

South Sea pearl quality is evaluated by size, luster, shape, color and surface. Large, round, high-luster pearls with clean surfaces are worth the most.

Why are flawless South Sea pearls rare?

Flawless South Sea pearls are rare because they grow for two to three years, and the longer a pearl grows, the more chances it has to develop marks or an irregular shape.

Are South Sea pearls worth the price?

For many buyers, yes, South Sea pearls are worth the price: they are the largest cultured pearls, with thick nacre and a soft, satiny glow no other pearl has. Compare options in our pearl type guide.

Shop South Sea pearls

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Still deciding? Speak with a pearl specialist at 1-800-847-3275, or browse all Pearl Answers.

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